But with regards to the LKM the ZCS is not more specific than telling the car is ECE spec or USA spec. For example, the BMW E31 Light Control Module (Lampenkontrollmodul - LKM) uses the same hardware in both Europe (ECE) and the United States Of America (USA), but its behavior is completely different. It's more a descriptive system where the dealer's coding software knows the exact settings for each module. It doesn't list all individual settings of each module. This allows the dealer to replace every module in the car, even the EKM or EWS module without loss of the ZCS. The reason it's stored in two modules is redundancy. It's only used by the dealer's coding software (SSS/Progman) to quickly identify the car and its options. Make no mistake - the ZCS is not used by the car or its modules. I will not explain ZCS coding into detail, but basically the ZCS is a string stored in the Electronic Body Module (Elektronik Karosseriemodul - EKM) and the Electronic Immobilizer System (Elektronische Wegfahrsperre - EWS) describing all options of the car. ZCS The dealer way of recoding the car to, for example, retrofit options is through changing the Central Coding Key (Zentraler Codierschlüssel - ZCS). The message is written with the BMW E31 in mind, but it applies to other bimmers as well. The only thing that's new is a program, called NCS Dummy, which may make things a bit easier. The method is not new, several members in the Diagnostic Software subforum of this board already practice this method.

Thanks! This message describes a method of coding modules.

That's beyond the scope of this message and I will not answer these questions. Please don't ask where to get this software, how to install it or how to get it work. NCS Dummy - Taking the expert out of NCS Expert By Preface This message mentions the use of software like BMW NCS Expert.

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